sgusers3的部落格

還記得那一年，迷你倉價錢走過滿目瘡痍的巴格達，戰火的味道仍令我哽咽著，不過，我還是繼續旅程，下一個站就是敘利亞。儘管我們從美國政府的口中、西方媒體的報道，得到的敘利亞印象如何負面，但，凡是到過該國的旅客，都會有同一的印象，就是敘利亞人在阿拉伯地區，乃是最和善好客的民族。原來在北京也有不少敘利亞人，他們大多來此經貿或留學。北京有一家名叫“一千零一夜”的阿拉伯餐廳，老闆便是從敘利亞來的。我曾經光顧這家餐廳，老闆知道我到過大馬士革，要求我多講我在他家鄉的所見所聞，思鄉之情洋溢於臉上。記得上次在大馬士革古城裡，有位敘利亞人指著一座建築物圓頂對我說，那裡依稀可見的彈痕乃是當年勞倫斯（T.E.Laurence）率領阿拉伯軍隊英勇作戰的遺跡。自第一次大戰後，敘利亞一直希望統一阿拉伯世界，而敘利亞人亦以大馬士革長期成為中東文化及政治軍事中心為傲，深深建立起民族英雄主義，以推動泛阿拉伯政策為己任，因此敘利亞被稱為“阿拉伯民族主義跳動的心臟”。可是敘利亞振興阿拉伯的美夢首先遭到英法瓦解，繼而以色列出現及其後的三次中東戰爭，加上美國介入中東地區，使得敘利亞的復興美夢更是遙遙無期，但它仍然孤獨地搖起民族主義大旗，死不讓步。與此同時，敘利亞卻利用巴勒斯坦問題，將之變成推動泛阿拉伯政迷你倉的工具，大力支持巴勒斯坦抵抗組織，又通過與黎巴嫩�主黨和伊朗的合作，以收對以色列的戰略平衡之效，令以色列心裡有感敘利亞是個�正威脅。當美國的大中東計劃隨著伊拉克戰爭拉開，敘利亞一直是美國針對的目標。在不斷受到圍堵與孤立下，敘利亞國力逐漸衰退。可悲的是，本來是回應“阿拉伯之春”，敘利亞人民和平起義的良好願望，想不到這麼快便遭各方利益所騎劫，而陷入一場殘酷的代理人戰爭中。在敘利亞與敘利亞老百姓攀談時，他們都害怕戰爭，擔憂國家會步上伊拉克的後塵。究竟溫馴的敘利亞人，他們究竟追求和平改革還是流血革命？我在大馬士革認識記者吉亞德，他劈頭就向我說：“其實，小阿薩德所面對的是蘇聯式體制留下來的種種問題。老一代強硬派的官僚執著舊有的一套，政客在沒有監察制衡下貪婪腐敗，再加上社會主義經濟的體弱多病、缺乏效率等等，還有四十年來受壓抑的人民心靈、觀念，都不是一朝一夕可以改變的。因此，你會在這裡看到很多不合理現象。不過，請相信我，轉變已在慢慢進行中……。”在他身旁的友人補充說，蘇聯共產主義經過三代才垮掉。現在，小阿薩德只是第一代。換言之，他們渴望敘利亞出現戈爾巴喬夫。只是，他們還未等到改革者的出現，反之竟是一場戰爭，這可能非敘利亞人所願。張翠容作者為香港資深傳媒人，戰地記者儲存

　　巴西一名中年男子中風後變得極其樂善好施，儲存不斷向認識或不認識的人贈送零食、飲料乃至錢財。巴西研究人員說，這名男子患上了“慷慨病”。　　里約熱內盧聯邦大學的萊昂納多·豐特內爾博士在最新一期醫學期刊《Neruocase》上講述這一病例。　　英國《每日郵報》7日援引報告內容報道，患者現年49歲，因高血壓引起腦部出血而中風，使得皮層下區域受損。大腦皮層下區域主要控制高層次思維和決策。　　患者的妻子說，患者中風後變得過度慷慨，無限制地向人贈送食物和錢財，尤其是在大街上遇見小孩時，不管是否相識，都要買些飲料、糖果和垃圾食品送給對方，根本無法管好自己的錢包。　　豐特內爾在報告中寫道，中風讓這名男子新蒲崗迷你倉持續過度慷慨”，是一種“病理性慷慨”。　　中風好轉後，這名男子感覺抑鬱、健忘、無法集中注意力，還出現缺乏毅力、判斷力減退等問題。CT掃描結果顯示，患者大腦額葉在內的多個大腦區域血流量低，這些區域雖然遠離出血區域，但經由神經通路與出血區域相連，可能因此影響調節性格的神經系統。　　患者服用藥物治療抑鬱，兩年後自覺康複，停止相關治療。不過，他的“慷慨病”沒有好轉。鑒於此，患者無法回到原先在一家大型企業的管理崗位。　　里約熱內盧聯邦大學的研究人員說，這名男子的症狀與一些常見的中風後遺症，譬如強迫性囤積病、社會病態等相反，可能有助研究“利他主義和利己主義”的關係，更好地瞭解大腦如何決策。　　據新華社mini storage

全城矚目的年度盛事——“美高梅澳門德國啤酒節二○一三”將於十月十七至廿六日盛大舉行！美高梅已連續第五年聯同澳門特別行政區政府旅遊局、德國駐香港總領事館及澳門德國商會，文件倉為澳門市民及旅客帶來一連十日的傳統德國盛會，一邊欣賞慕尼黑樂隊的現場表演，一邊品嘗傳統德國啤酒及美食。美高梅德國啤酒節舉行至今，已被譽為德國以外、本地區最大且最傳統正宗的德國啤酒節。吸引逾三萬人入場歷年啤酒節入場人數超越三萬五千人，共消耗盧雲堡啤酒三萬○五百五十二公升、德國豬手七千○八十二公斤及烤肉腸一千○廿四公尺。本年度啤酒節舉行其間，巨型帳篷將再度高高架起，舞台上傳來陣陣傳統Oompah樂聲——慕尼黑著名樂隊The H?gl Fun Band將會現場演奏，帶來原創的傳統巴伐利亞樂曲。除了啤酒及美食，美高梅照顧家庭客需要，特別安排遊戲環節，務求令美高梅德國啤酒節成為一家大細娛樂好地方。美高梅澳門德國啤酒節擁有三大之“最”。最佳氣氛，本年度啤酒節繼續於美高梅維天閣舉行，偌大的露天草坪上架起廿五米長的巨型帳篷，場內佈滿啤酒節元素裝飾，令人感覺繽紛歡愉，加上傳存倉長木桌椅，以及身穿傳統服飾的啤酒女郎，四處洋溢著別具風味的節日派對氣氛，令賓客彷彿置身於傳統的德國啤酒節慶典。娛樂佳餚歡樂滿分最佳娛樂表演，啤酒節除了叮叮噹噹的碰杯聲，當然少不了德國傳統的Oompah樂聲。由德國遠道而來，於慕尼黑啤酒節駐場表演逾十六年經驗的The H?gl Fun樂隊，將於美高梅啤酒節上帶來巴伐利亞樂曲，為啤酒節更添精彩。The H?gl Fun樂隊已成為美高梅德國啤酒節的標誌，不僅在慕尼黑當地大受歡迎，亦曾獲邀參加規模僅次於慕尼黑、吸引近五十萬人次參與的巴西啤酒節現場表演。The H?gl Fun樂隊今年載譽重來，於美高梅啤酒節上帶來巴伐利亞樂曲，為啤酒節帶來至佳娛樂享受。最佳派對，除了精彩的音樂和澎湃的節慶氣氛，當然少不了豐富的佳餚美食。美高梅德國啤酒節供應傳統德國盧雲堡（L?wenbrau）啤酒，以及原隻德國豬手、多款特色烤肉腸、巴伐利亞脆燒豬肉等一系列德國地道美食。暢飲傳統德國啤酒，品嘗特色地道美食，更有慕尼黑著名樂隊現場表演。美高梅啤酒節不僅是好友派對聚會的理想選擇，也讓您與家人歡度快樂時光。迷你倉

【本報消息】治安警察局訊：隨著澳門社會的環境變遷，迷你倉青少年誤觸法網，觸犯竊盜、涉毒、欺凌等違法行為時有發生。原因相信與青少年不甚瞭解違法行為的嚴重性、守法意識相對薄弱，以及對法律的基本知識尋求無門等因素影響。故此，在青少年犯罪的預防工作上，治安警察局轄下相關警務單位皆有專責警官，透過“警 ·校聯絡機制”與本澳中小學校保持緊密聯繫，互通警情。同時，亦會持續派員到學校舉辦“預防青少年犯罪”講座儲存根據當前治安形勢，介紹防罪信息和法律常識，講解常見的犯罪行為及所須承擔的法律責任等概念。避免青少年輕易因為從�心理或受到同儕影響等因素誤入歧途，強化青少年的法治觀念和守法意識。踏入新一學年，該局將持續投入更多資源在預防青少年犯罪的工作上，並繼續舉辦“預防青少年犯罪”講座，對象為本澳小學五年級至初中三年級學生。歡迎本澳各中小學校預約。預約表格可在該局網頁.fsm.gov.mo/psp/內下載。新蒲崗迷你倉

　　相關英政府首次承認英公司曾向敘出口化武原材料　　英國政府7日晚首次承認，儲存倉政府曾向兩家公司發放化學品出口許可，允許它們在6年時間里向敘利亞出口可用于製造化學武器的氟化鈉。　　就對敘出口氟化鈉數量和出口企業名稱，英國商務、創新和技能部現拒絕回應。　　氟化鈉有多種用途，可用于牙膏等日用品生產，其中的氟也可在提取後與碳、氧、氫等合成沙林毒氣。沙林毒氣是一種神經性毒劑。1995年，日本奧姆真理教成員在東京地鐵釋放沙林毒氣，致12人死亡、大約5500人受傷。　　英國《星期日郵報》8日報道迷你倉價錢這些化學品出口許可從2004年7月開始發放，截止于2010年5月。　　英國商務部稱，批准對敘氟化鈉出口的出發點在於，這一化學品將嚴格應用于化妝品行業。一名商務部發言人7日晚說：“5份許可發給了兩家英國出口商。出于商業機密考慮，我們不能公開它們的名稱。最終買家是兩家敘利亞商業公司。”　　這名發言人說：“所涉氟化鈉數量與（合同）所述化妝品生產最終用途相符，沒有理由把它們與敘利亞化武項目相關聯。就是這樣。”　　敘利亞沒有簽署《禁止化學武器公約》，據信儲備劇毒的芥子氣和沙林毒氣。　　據新華社迷你倉

A corrupt official needs two things: a mistress, and a facilitator to manage the ill-gotten wealth and money-making opportunities for the familyThe innocuous-sounding euphemism “white gloves” generally refers to a middleman or outfit that launders dirty or corrupt money under a seemingly legitimate front – dirty hands concealed by a pair of white gloves.self storageThe expression, coined by the Taiwanese, is catching up fast on the mainland as rampant corruption is exposed at all levels of the bureaucracy.Indeed, just as there are mistresses behind every corrupt senior official, there is also “a pair of white gloves” in the wings to help their families make their fortunes and manage them.The recent trials of Bo Xilai , once the mainland’s most flamboyant politician, and Liu Zhijun , the former railways minister, shed a rare but interesting spotlight on the crucial role of the white gloves in helping them amass their fortunes and financing their decadent lifestyles.The pay-off for the white gloves, who are usually smooth-talking businessmen, is the chance to enrich themselves even more fabulously by leveraging ties to powerful politicians and gaining inside information.In the five-day trial of Bo last month, probably the mainland’s most closely watched court case in decades, Xu Ming , an entrepreneur from Dalian (where Bo built his political career) and the alleged white gloves for the Bo family, provided crucial evidence that was expected to put Bo away for a long time.According to transcripts released by the court, Xu funnelled tens of millions of yuan in bribes to Bo’s family, including his wife Gu Kailai and their son Bo Guagua . They showed that Xu gave the family a US$3.2 million villa on the French Riviera, flew Bo junior and his friends to a safari in Africa, and settled the hundreds of thousands of yuan in debt that Guagua ran up on his credit card.The white gloves for Liu was the businesswoman Ding Shumiao who accumulated a personal fortune of about 2 billion yuan (HK$2.5 billion) by using Liu’s connections to secure lucrative contracts for China’s trillion-yuan high-speed railway projects.According to media reports, Ding, her daughter and their representatives charged hefty commissions on more than 50 high-speed railway projects with a total of 180 billion yuan.As revealed from the court trial transcripts and state media reports, 迷你倉orrupt officials deliberately keep some distance from their white gloves to give them room for deniability. The facilitators usually take care of the parents and children of the powerful and provide lucrative opportunities for their relatives to make easy money.In Bo’s trial, one farcical episode saw Bo asking Xu about a dozen times if he had informed Bo about his efforts to bribe his wife and son, to which Xu replied “no” each time. But the prosecutors cited the testimony of Gu Kailai of how she repeatedly told Bo about Xu’s generosity.In Liu’s case, the prosecutors also failed to provide any direct financial dealings between Liu and Ding even though state media reports suggested that Ding spent more than 50 million yuan to finance a romantic TV series, which helped introduce a dozen budding actresses to sleep with Liu. Ding also reportedly spent tens of millions of yuan, on Liu’s orders, to bribe officials to go easy while investigating one of Liu’s close associates.Given their intricate backroom deals and tacit agreements with their money managers, it has been difficult to pinpoint the exact wealth stashed away by corrupt officials.A crucial piece of evidence against Bo was that the French villa paid for by Xu was listed as being owned by a woman who once worked for Xu.Liu was given a suspended death sentence for receiving 64.6 million yuan in bribes. Some media reports suggested Ding was holding the 2 billion yuan for Liu as he intended at some time to use some of the money to bribe his way to a more senior government job.The white gloves may remain low-profile but they are well-known in the circles of the powerful and elite. Of course, they are also known to anti-graft investigators. Once the mainland leadership decides to go after a certain official, the anti-graft investigators first try to grab one of the white gloves. In Liu’s case, the investigators first detained Ding and her daughter, which quickly led to Liu’s arrest.Now as the leadership takes the unprecedented decision to investigate one of their own – Zhou Yongkang , a former security tsar and former member of the Politburo Standing Committee – it comes as no surprise that authorities have already detained a Sichuan businessman, Wu Bing , the alleged white gloves for the Zhou family.It seems those who wear the white gloves are leaving their fingerprints everywhere.文件倉

創立個人時裝設計品牌是大部分設計師的夢想，迷你倉本澳時裝設計師徐雅婷一年前開店售賣個人品牌Nega C的服飾。她指出，以往設計舞台服飾時隨心所欲，較著重衣服剪裁及配色，如今作品要成功推出市場，需顧及大�口味，服飾設計變相由市場主導，走向商業化設計一直是設計師的最大掙扎。現時該店約有三至五成服飾為個人作品，同時亦售賣由日本、韓國及泰國引入的衣服。徐雅婷坦言現時一季推出一個系列設計，每款設計生產一至兩件，由五至六人組成的製作團隊負責生產，主打斯文、實用的款式。由於服飾並非大批量生產，製作需時、成本高，故售賣其他衣物讓顧客有更多的選擇。現時個人設計與外來服飾銷情相若，目標顧客為二十至四十年齡層的女士。基礎工夫僅第一步近十年來大大小小的時裝店應運而生，甚至到達飽和，但不少設計師為求實現夢想，鼓起勇氣創業，希望運用特別的設計、風格及做好形象定位，務求在激烈競爭中突圍而出。適逢網購潮流，是業界的新契機，運用社交網站開發宣傳、銷售渠道，且澳門地方小，祇要產品得到顧客的認同，“一傳十，十傳百”，便可帶動營業額上升。儲存倉過，創建一個品牌，徐雅婷直言過程艱辛。首先要累積成本及建立詳細的資金周轉計劃，其後設計、搜集布料及尋找合作伙伴，再物色舖位、裝修及業務管理等，各種細節均需一手包辦，加上本澳缺乏原材料，不時要走訪鄰近地區採購，坦言基礎工夫祇是第一步，成功推出市場才是關鍵。租金佔營業額九成該店日常運作由設計師獨自打理，間中聘請朋友以兼職形式幫忙，每月租金是一大支出，約佔整體營業額的九成。開業後市場反應符合預期，期望半年後可收支平衡。徐雅婷強調“起步容易經營難”，經營者祇需具備資金、設計一至兩個系列服飾，便可推出市場。要讓品牌成功在市場佔一席位，卻考究工夫。冀十年內過渡至大批量生產，並出口內地及外國，打造品牌知名度，確保品牌可持續發展。現時支援中小企發展配套措施多，但借貸須考慮還款能力，會先計劃好業務發展再考慮借款計劃，確保資助用得其所。近年政府亦以不同的比賽形式推動業界發展，相信可推動競爭，讓參賽者明確發展計劃及進修個人技能。她樂見更多年輕人投身設計行列，以營造設計氛圍，增加推廣本澳品牌的力量。見習記者 李曉君迷你倉價錢

New listing rules for mineral, oil and gas firms seen attracting more of them to S'pore[SINGAPORE] New mainboard listing rules for mineral, oil and gas (MOG) companies are expected to add impetus to their already-growing cluster on the Singapore Exchange (SGX).迷你倉Since it first introduced the new Catalist MOG rules in January 2011 and advertised its intention to court listings in the sector, the exchange has seen seven additions - through both initial public offerings and reverse takeovers - to bring the number of MOG firms on the exchange to 17.More could come if reverse takeover deals that have been announced to turn struggling listed firms into mining plays bear fruit.Bereavement care service provider Asia-Pacific Strategic Investments became the seventh such firm this year to do so when it announced a reverse takeover deal on Thursday to buy a firm holding mining exploration rights in Armenia.Industry observers told The Business Times that they expect more MOG listings to take place here."I think there is growing investor awareness on such listings, and I think more will come," said Marcus Chow, a partner at ATMD Bird & Bird.SGX last Thursday announced special MOG rules that will allow firms not yet in production - and hence unable to meet current listing rules for profit, operating revenue and positive cash flows - to list if they have a market capitalisation of not less than $300 million and disclose their plans, milestones and capital expenditure to progress to the production stage.But all MOG firms will have additional requirements to fulfil, such as achieving "indicated resources" for minerals or "contingent resources" for oil and gas.They also have to show that they have sufficient working capital for 18 months from listing.With these rules, the exchange has sought to balance between opening the market for early-stage MOG firms to raise funds and protecting the interests of shareholders given the technical nature of the industry.Since it introduced the MOG rules for the Catalist board, SGX has also ramped up its education efforts on the sector.It has held 34 seminars on topics such as introduction to gold mining and exploration, attended by about 3,600 participants; its YouTube channel is also dominated by video clips on the sector.This year, it started professional investor education courses for investment banking professionals and research analysts, and has held two such sessions so far.Industry observers say these have helped to lay the ground for other factors that are drawing early-stage MOG firms to Singapore, instead of traditional exchanges such as the Australian Securities Exchange and the Toronto儲存倉Stock Exchange.These range from possibly better valuations to Singapore's rise as a private wealth centre."If you were to list in Australia, you'll get lost among the hundreds out there," said DMG head of research Terence Wong. "Whereas if you come over here, you are one of the very few - I guess that lends a bit of prominence."Investors in traditional exchanges tend to have a legacy view of the sector and its risks, said AT Kearney head of corporate finance in Asia, Vikram Chakravarty.He added: "None of these exchanges are in Asia, and it could (also) be proximity that is driving them to SGX."Singapore's rise as a private wealth centre further enhances its attractive-ness for MOG firms, particularly since new capital has vacated the sector as supply of metals and minerals increases amid a slowing world economy, said EY global mining and metals leader Mike Elliot.With the sector being a relatively new one in Singapore, however, market players are treading carefully."You're dealing with something you can't see . . . whether a mine or an oilfield, you'd never know how much exactly there is down there," said an investment banker."(MOG deals) are quite complex to execute, to be honest," he added. "The market and regulators are all cautious, so we have to do our due diligence properly."The sector may also not be suitable for all investors.For one thing, smaller oil and gas producers or mining firms are well known to be high risk-high reward ventures.Investors in such firms would also have to adopt a longer investment horizon.Within the mining sector, a normal price cycle lasts between five and 10 years.Hence, an investor should be willing to wait seven to eight years to ride out the volatility and have a satisfactory rate of return, said Mr Elliot."It's very much a cyclical business and therefore you get a fair amount of volatility with that," he said. "This is primarily a long-term business where you invest in over multiple cycles."Shareholders will also have to contend with other stakeholders such as governments and workers, who have been seeking higher royalties and wage increases, he added.It doesn't help, too, that the mining industry now sits in a difficult part of the cycle."Risks in the mining industry have been accentuated and increased by the state of economic weakness in many emerging market economies," said AT Kearney manager Navin Nathani.As the MOG story unfolds, DMG's Mr Wong points out that nobody really knew how Reits would fare when they first came onto SGX.But "they took a life of their own" around 2004-2005, when the Reits started educating the market themselves."We have to start somewhere," he said.迷你倉價錢

歐美的中國書法研究以美國最為蓬勃，迷你倉然而近十餘年來，歐美的中國書法研究不如以前活躍了。方聞先生退休之後，接替他的教授雖然對書法也有興趣，但畢竟不是專家。普林斯頓大學中國藝術史專業很難再像過去那樣培養以中國書法為論文選題的博士了。而在歐洲，隨著雷德侯教授的退休，海德堡大學大概也不會再像過去那樣是歐洲中國書法研究的重鎮了。白謙慎由於西方並沒有可以和中國書法相對應的藝術，中國書法的收藏和研究在歐美晚于繪畫和器物的收藏和研究。不過，20世紀下半葉以來，隨著對中國文化瞭解的深入，很多研究中國藝術史的學者開始關注中國書法及其歷史，也有數量不是很多但卻頗為可觀的研究成果。歐洲的中國書法研究，以德國為重鎮。海德堡大學的雷德侯教授對中國書法一直很重視。他的博士論文為《清代的篆書》，其另一本重要的著作為《米芾與中國書法的古典傳統》。他還有一些論述中國書法的單篇論文，其中有兩篇被譯成中文。柏林東方博物館的館長Adel e Schl ombs的博士論文是《懷素及中國書法中的狂草的誕生》(德國的博士論文一般都出版)。台灣的戴麗卿小姐在德國以“于右任先生的書法”為題完成了她的博士論文。在法國，華裔學者熊秉明先生有關於草聖張旭的法文專著，他的中文著作《中國書法理論體系》對傳統書論進行分類，作了體系建構的工作，加上文字優美，和1980年代美學熱、文化熱的中國書學界十分合拍，發表後，在大陸書學界受到熱烈歡迎。瑞典學者比萊德(Jean Francoi s Bi l l eter )的英文著作《中國的書寫藝術》，在介紹中國書法藝術時，把西方藝術作為參照，寫得甚是生動，是一本很適宜於西方讀者的書籍。自1990年代以來，又有幾位歐洲學者以中國書法為題撰寫博士論文，如德國的勞悟達(Uta Lauer )，是雷德侯先生的弟子，她曾專門研究過和趙孟頫夫婦關係密切的高僧中峰明本的書法。目前，在歐洲最優秀的書法史研究者是意大利拿波里大學的畢羅教授(Pi etro De Lau-renti s )，他對中國古代書論有著多年的深入細緻研究，他最近剛剛出版了關於唐代書論家孫過庭《書譜》的專著。近年來，雷德侯教授一直在主持一個北朝刻經的項目，在山東各地廣泛地調查佛教摩崖刻經的狀況，已經發表的單篇論文，讓人十分期待其研究成果的早日問世。歐美的中國書法研究以美國最為蓬勃，自1970年代以來有過多次中國書法展覽，近年來研究中國書法的學者的人數也有所增長。展出目錄一直是歐美藝術史界的一種重要著述方式，它的好處是能比較快地反映新的學術成果(美大學出版社審核和出版學術著作的周期較長)和發表未曾發表過的藝術作品，同時因在展出期間出版，容易引起大�的關注。1971年，曾佑和女士在美國費城舉辦了歐美第一個大型的中國書法展，同時出版展覽目錄《中國書法》，比較全面地向西方介紹中國書法。1977年，當時執教耶魯大學藝術史系的傅申先生主持了一個比曾女士的展覽更具研究深度的展覽，其展覽目錄《海外書跡研究》至今在歐美仍被書法研究者、收藏者作為重要的參考讀物。在展覽的同時，傅申先生還策劃了在西方的第一個中國書法學術研討會，提高了藝術史學界對書法研究的重視。1999年3月在普林斯頓大學美術館舉辦的艾略特收藏中國書法展，也出版了由韓文彬(Robert E .Harri st , Jr . )、方聞等多位學者編寫的450頁的大部頭研究圖錄，收有論文《中國書法的理論和實踐》、《王羲之與中國書法文化》、《書法與宗教》、《明代蘇州地區的書法》、《晚明書法中的奇》、《中國尺牘的私人性與公�性》、《中國書法與建築》等。艾略特收藏中國書法展開幕時，還舉辦了中國書法史討論會，出版了討論會論文集。美國近十餘年來，在美國專門致力于收藏書法的藏家並不多，其中最活躍者是雅虎的創始人、前總裁楊致遠先生(Jerry Yang )。在楊致遠先生的收藏中，較早的有元代的作品，但最為突出的還是明清時期的作品，其中有不少吳門書家和晚明清初諸大家的精品。2012年秋，舊金山亞洲藝術博物館為楊致遠的收藏舉辦了“法跡:觀遠山莊珍藏法書展”，並出版了351頁的研究圖錄，可以說是近十餘年來西方最大規模的書法展和研究圖錄。圖錄由該館資深館員Mi chael Ni ght博士和張子寧博士編輯，共有九篇論文，Mi chael Ni ght的導論，王連起的《趙孟頫小楷真跡妙法蓮華經考》、肖燕翼的《觀遠山莊藏明人法書讀記》、王耀庭的《陳洪詩翰冊研究》、何傳馨的《清代中後期金石派書法》、黃惇的《十八世紀揚州的書法風氣》、薛龍春的《從“點畫”到“線條”:論晚明書法的小大之變》等七位大陸、台灣的學者的論文，他們的論文全部中英對照，是此書的一個特色。兩位美國學者則是詩詞翻譯家Jonathan Chaves和著名董其昌專家李慧聞(Cel i a Carri ngton Ri ely )，前者的文章分析論書詩的傳統，後者研究觀遠山莊藏的兩件董其昌書法。此外，一些展覽的研究圖錄也包含了研究書法的內容，如何惠鑒和Judi th G . Smi th合編的《董其昌的世紀》( 1992 )，裡面不但有許多董其昌的書法作品，還有研究董其昌書法和所用印章的論文。再如，張子寧、白謙慎等編寫的《天倪:王方宇、沈慧藏八大山人書畫》展覽圖錄中，也有許多八大山人的書法精品以及筆者撰寫的研究八大山人書法印章的論文。專題研究性質的展覽過去在中國大陸不多，近年來逐漸有所增加，也出版了一些專題研究圖錄(如幾年前北京故宮博物院舉辦的蘭亭特展的研究圖錄)，但依然還有很大的改進空間。今後或可以借鑒歐美、中國港台和日本的經驗，多籌辦專題書法展覽文件倉並出版研究圖錄，向外界披露博物館的藏品和研究成果，這樣可以推動研究工作的不斷深入。博士論文是美國中國書法專題研究的主要著述方式。在目前已經完成的關於書法的博士論文中以普林斯頓大學為最多。普林斯頓大學能成為研究中國書法的重鎮是和方聞先生分不開的。該校藝術史系的方聞教授是清末著名書法家李瑞清的侄子李健的入室弟子，對中國書法史一直有興趣。自從1960年代方聞先生在普林斯頓大學擔任教授後，他就一直積極在美國推動中國書法的研究。由於該校的中國書法收藏(包括私人寄藏)在全世界的大學美術館中首屈一指，所以普林斯頓大學的中國書法研究，從一開始就十分重視原作。從1970年代以來，在美國完成的博士論文有:傅申的《黃庭堅的書法及其贈張大同卷———一件流放中書寫的傑作》(普林斯頓大學，1976 )，Chri sti an F .Murck，《祝允明和蘇州地區對文化的承諾》(普林斯頓大學，1978 )，Steve J . Gol d-berg的《初唐的宮廷書法》(密歇根大學，1981 )，王妙蓮的《鮮于樞的書法及其1299所書卷》(普林斯頓大學，1983 )，Amy McNai r的《中國書法風格中的政治性:顏真卿和宋代文人》(芝加哥大學，1989 )，朱惠良的《鐘繇傳統:宋代書法發展中的一個關鍵》(普林斯頓大學，1990 )，Adri ana G . Pros-er的《道德的象徵:漢代中國的書法和官吏》(哥倫比亞大學，1995 )，白謙慎的《傅山和十七世紀中國書法的變遷》(耶魯大學，1996 )，王柏華的《蘇軾的書法藝術及其》(哥倫比亞大學，1997 )，Al an Gordon Atki nson的《按九曲度新聲———王鐸的藝術與生平》(堪薩斯大學，1997 )，張以國，《王鐸草書線條的意義》(哥倫比亞大學，2001 )，盧慧紋的《一種新的皇朝書風———北魏洛陽地區石刻書法研究》(普林斯頓大學，2003 )，薛磊的《朦朧的鶴:記憶、隱喻與中國六世紀的一個石刻》(哥倫比亞大學，2009 )，何炎泉的《北宋書法的物質文化》(波士頓大學，2013 )。還有一些博士論文雖非專門討論書法，但它們的研究對象卻是中國書法史上舉足輕重的或有一定影響的人物，因此對研究書法史也很有價值，如金紅男的《周亮工及其———17世紀中國的贊助人、批評家與畫家》(耶魯大學，1985 )和李慧聞的(Cel i a Carri ngton Ri ely )，《董其昌生平( 1555-1636 ) :政治和藝術的交互影響》(哈佛大學，1995 )等。美國的許多博士論文並不由出版社出版(這點和德國不同)，要利用這部分研究成果，可以向密歇根博士論文複制中心郵購，所以對學術界來說還是比較方便的。從1990年代後期以來，在美國有四本關於中國書法的專著出版，即石慢(Peter C . Sturman )的《米芾:北宋的書法風格與藝術》(耶魯大學出版社，1997 )，Amy McNai r在其博士論文的基礎上修改成的《心正筆正:顏真卿書法與宋代文人政治》一書(夏威夷大學出版社，1998 )，我的《傅山的世界:十七世紀中國書法的嬗變》(哈佛大學亞洲中心，2003 )，韓文彬(Robert Harri st , Jr . )的《摩崖:中國中古時期石刻書法研究》(華盛頓大學出版社，2008 )。在歐洲，近年來的書法專著就是上面提到的勞悟達女士的中峰明本研究和畢羅的《書譜》研究。在通論式的著作中，早期有楊毓珣先生法文版的《漢代以來的中國書法》( 1937年)，蔣彝先生的《中國書法》(最先于1938年在英國出版，修訂本1973年由哈佛大學出版)，此書的特點是通俗生動、文筆流暢，至今依然被許多學校作為中國書法課的基本教材。生前長期居住在紐約的張隆延先生，是黃侃和胡小石先生的弟子，對書學有精深的造詣，他曾和洋弟子Peter Mi l l er合作出版了《中國書法四千年》(芝加哥大學出版社，1990 )。居住在夏威夷的曾佑和女士在1993年出版了《中國書法史》(香港中文大學出版社)。需要指出的是，在美國也曾出版過一些不是藝術史學者寫的、但卻和中國書法有關的學術著作。譬如說，著名漢學家牟複禮( Frederi ck W . Mote )曾在1950年代末和方聞教授一起在普林斯頓大學創辦了美國第一個博士生項目，他曾和朱鴻林合作，出版了《書法與古籍》的展覽圖錄，討論書法和版刻的關係。政治學學者Ri chard Kraus長期研究中國政治文化，曾經寫過《鋼琴和政治》一書，討論1949年以後，圍繞著西方音樂問題上的一些爭論。他的另一本著作《筆力千鈞:當代政治和中國書法》一書則探討書法在當代政治生活中的角色。這些著作對書法史的研究也很有借鑒意義。從我在上面列舉的博士論文和書籍，不難看出，西方既有的學術機制鼓勵專題性的研究。有學術特點和風格的單篇論文和專書在高校專任教員的評審制度中占重要的因素。相比之下，綜合他人研究成果的教科書或面面俱到、四平八穩、無獨特建樹的通論則得分很少。這種體制無疑鼓勵學者們從事具有原創性的專題研究。因此，西方從事中國書法史研究的人員雖不多，但概論式的著作所占比例並不是很大。需要指出的是，近十餘年來，歐美的中國書法研究不如以前活躍了。方聞先生在十二年前退休了，接替他的教授雖然對書法有一定的興趣，但畢竟不是專家。普林斯頓大學中國藝術史專業很難再像過去那樣培養以中國書法為論文選題的博士了。而在歐洲，隨著雷德侯教授的退休，海德堡大學大概也不會再像過去那樣是歐洲中國書法研究的重鎮了。這對於喜愛和關心書法的人們來說，確實令人深感遺憾。存倉

■ 本版撰稿 生活報記者 陳程多多和爸爸小夫妻刊登的漫畫蘇先生和女兒戴立清和妻子一周人物記錄人物命運呈現百態人生沒有什麼不可以創造核心提示有句廣告詞是這麼說的“nothing is impossible（沒有什麼不可能）”。每天，存倉我們在生活中都會面對各種各樣的事情，而其中許多是我們力所不能及或者不願去做的。面對這些事，或許我們可以調侃地說一句：“臣妾做不到啊”，但是下面這些人，卻通過自己的努力，向大家講述了什麼是“沒有什麼不可能”。興趣創造神奇5歲的他成功開飛機【新聞回顧】據《現代快報》報道，當很多成年人還拿著手機在微信里“打飛機”時，今年5歲半的男孩多多已經成功開起了真飛機。這個1.2米的“小人兒”于8月31日下午駕駛著輕型直升機，從河北固安一處飛行俱樂部的民用機場起飛，繞野生動物園一周，然後降落。多多的爸爸、新浪微博網名“鷹爸教育”，現實中的南京企業家何烈勝先生，在其微博中公佈了相關消息和照片後，立刻引來了網友的爭議，其中有讚美驚嘆聲，也不乏種種質疑聲。【讀後感】一個5歲的小孩能做什麼？答案可能是多種多樣的，對於普通人家的孩子來說，5歲的小孩也就能在家里拿手機打個遊戲，最多也就是幫家里打個醬油，家長還得不放心的跟著。但在多多家里，這些常識顯然不成立。當然，不是每個人都有多多爸爸那樣的條件，5歲開飛機是否年齡太小也可以商榷，但多多爸爸的教育思維，卻值得每一個家長借鑒——教育孩子要看自己孩子的具體特點和情況，關鍵是家長不能一意孤行，一味去主觀強迫孩子。5歲的小孩剛準備進入學習期，現在不少家長望子成龍望女成鳳，早早的就給孩子規劃好了未來的道路，舞蹈班、書法班、英語班、奧數班，也不管孩子願學不願學，把孩子的所有時間都塞得滿滿的。雖然多多的爸爸有著別人羨慕的資源，但更值得一提的是，他安排的學習都是多多感興趣的內容，有了興趣，孩子才會真正用心去學習，成效才會事半功倍，才會出現5歲小孩成功駕駛飛機上天的“不可能案例”。如果沒有興趣作引導，學習就變成了敷衍應付，結果往往是學過就丟，白白浪費了時間、金錢。換個角度來說，中國孩子現在往往是理論有餘，動手和創新能力不足，讓孩子自己動手摸索，遠比學奧數這些實用程度不高的科目要強得多。簡單創造甜蜜80後小夫妻登漫畫結婚廣告代替傳統婚禮【新聞回顧】據新華社報道，每到九、十月的結婚高峰期，有關豪華婚禮的傳說都會多起來——豪車扎堆、奢華婚宴、名角主持……而在河南鄭州，一對小夫妻用在報紙上刊登漫畫結婚廣告的方式來代替傳統婚禮，簡約、獨特的創意引起了大家的關注。打開報紙，一幅名為“我們的故事”的廣告分外顯眼。這是一幅整版漫畫，主人公是一對相互依偎的青年男女，他們走過鄭州、首爾、芝加哥、華盛頓等不同的城市，每個城市都伴隨著快樂、浪漫的旅程。廣告底部有“蘇剛&楊陽永結同心”字樣，兩側分別寫著“移風易俗，文明結婚，不搞鋪張浪費”、“親朋好友，廣而告之，一紙永載歷史”。【讀後感】結婚累不累？相信10對舉辦過婚禮的夫婦里有8對會告訴你：太累了——拍婚紗照、訂酒席、買喜糖、發請帖、安排迎親隊伍、招待親朋好友等，每樣都能讓小兩口累趴下。這種馬拉松式的籌備工作，往往能讓參與過的人產生婚姻恐懼症。結婚為什麼那麼累？因為結婚遠不是領個證那麼簡單，婚禮儀式才是重點，真要操辦起來，花錢還在其次，真正讓人吃不消的是要花費大量時間精力。看了無數“過來人”的情況，許多人打起了退堂鼓——結婚沒問題，但這儀式能從簡嗎？這話一說，有人就不高興了：作為一輩子一次的大事，一場豪華的婚禮是很多姑娘夢寐以求的，她們已經無數次幻想過自己婚禮的樣子，如果男朋友突然跟她說不辦婚禮了，對她們打擊可想而知。就算姑娘同意了，雙方家長能同意嗎？現在這個社會，結婚不是兩個人的事，而是兩個家庭的事，好不容易將子女拉扯大，總不能“偷偷摸摸”就嫁了吧，在親朋好友面前多沒面子啊。說句不好聽的，有的人還指望著通過辦婚禮，把之前發出去的紅包收回來呢。說了那麼多，再回頭看看鄭州這對80後小夫妻，你明白為什麼說他們不容易了吧？現在社會工作壓力大，生活節奏快，社會競爭激烈，對生活中一些複雜的事情進行程序簡化，迷你倉值得提倡的。各人應根據自身情況選擇婚禮的形式和內容，沒必要人人都按部就班，程序化的擺酒請客，像蘇剛和楊陽這樣，一張漫畫，既告知了親友，也永遠記錄了兩人的幸福甜蜜，挺好。父愛創造奇跡43歲的他和女兒一起考上同所大學同個專業【新聞回顧】據《武漢晚報》報道，近日，全國各大學的重頭戲都是迎接新生。日前，中國地質大學江城學院迎來一對父女新生：父親考了296分，女兒考了270分，都是文科，填報的都是會計電算化專科專業。據悉，父親姓蘇，43歲，他說女兒性格叛逆，自己放心不下，被迫一路保駕護航。十多年來，女兒在哪兒上學，他就將餐館開到哪兒，一切圍著她轉。【讀後感】自從高考取消非應屆高中生不能報考的限制之後，40多歲的人考上大學，已經不是什麼新鮮事了。但父女兩人同時考上一個學校，還是同一個專業，卻真是一件稀奇事。不過我在這裡想說的，不是兩人如何發奮讀書相互幫助的事，而是一個父親對女兒完全的付出和無盡的關愛。女兒成績不好，是家長都會著急，蘇先生更是如此。為了監督女兒學習，蘇先生上演了一出男版的“孟母三遷”——女兒升學轉校到哪裡，父親的面館就開到哪裡。白天做生意，晚上做輔導。一來二去，女兒的成績有沒有提高不好說，父親的成績卻實打實的提高了——他高考的分數還比女兒高26分呢。最近網絡上有這麼一個說法：“高中是一個人的人生中最牛的時期——上知天文下知地理，數學、語文、英語樣樣都能來。”而一旦出了社會，很多知識就忘光了。年輕人尚且如此，對於一個40多歲、早就錯過讀書黃金期的人來說，從無到有，把高考的知識一點點撿起來，重新考上大學，那是一件多麼不容易的事。但在父愛的驅使下，蘇先生做到了，他的“貼身式教育”不但讓女兒成功考上了大學，自己也創造了奇跡，成了現代版的“孟母”。但是話說回來，蘇先生這種完全投入的父愛，卻沒能打動女兒，甚至造成了女兒的反感。在這件事情中，值得稱讚的是父親所傳達出來的對孩子的愛和責任，蘇先生的想法和做法讓人感動，但其教育方式卻不應鼓勵。家長應從小培養孩子的獨立性，學會傾聽他們的聲音，而不是一味將自己的價值觀強加于他們。如果蘇先生能給孩子更大的成長空間，可能這個家庭能創造更大的奇跡。平淡創造幸福曾沉迷賭博的千萬富翁和妻子開公交“從頭再來”【新聞回顧】據《武漢晚報》報道，湖北孝感人戴立清今年44歲，出身于農村貧寒之家，15歲出門打工，23歲開始做包工頭，直至成為擁有酒店等產業的千萬富翁。在魚龍混雜的生意場上，戴立清開始沉迷賭場，輸掉幾百萬家產。2010年，為了與過去的生活一刀兩斷，戴立清同妻子任麗燕來到武漢，通過應聘的方式雙雙成為公交司機。從老闆到公交司機，戴立清說，在乘客的認可與稱讚聲中，他找到了人生的價值所在。【讀後感】一個曾經身家上千萬，經歷足以寫成小說的人，還能甘于平淡的生活嗎？戴立清雖然曾因為沉迷賭博一度深陷其中，但瘦死的駱駝比馬大，憑著能力和人脈，努力一把東山再起並不是不可能的事，但他毅然放棄舒適的生活，為什麼？戴立清夫婦說，他們現在的生活雖然平淡，但過得有滋有味的，他們在開公交車中找到了自己的人生價值。雖然夫婦倆很滿意自己現在的生活，但仍有許多人不理解，放著百萬富翁不做去開公交車，是不是吃飽了撐的？其實大可不必驚訝，很多普通人受夠了現實生活中沒錢的苦，幻想著有朝一日自己中了彩票，立馬辭職環游世界。但對於那些已經經歷過大風大雨的富翁來說，他們反過來更渴望普通人平淡的生活。在電影《甲方乙方》中，有個大款整天抱怨自己過膩了有錢人的生活，非要跑到鳥不拉屎的地方體驗一下窮人的日子，結果大家都知道了，他把人家全村的雞都吃了。這個富豪的故事其實講的就是“圍城”的心理——外面的人想進來，裡面的人想出去。人們在沒得到某些東西時，往往對他充滿了期待和想象，但真正的體會如何，卻只有擁有的人才有發言權。快樂是自己的感覺，每個人對幸福的定義各不相同，戴立清夫婦覺得開公交車的日子很幸福，這種幸福感不是用金錢買來的，而是實打實的。戴立清夫婦是真的活明白了——只要擺正心態，平平淡淡的生活也是幸福的，而之前的聲色犬馬、夜夜笙歌，反而換來的是漫無邊際的迷惘與失落。本版撰稿 生活報記者 陳程自存倉

With more than 260 foreign outlets and representative offices in holding 20 percent of total banking assets in Shanghai, the city has become one of the most competitive bank markets in the world.mini storage“It requires more than branch networks and branding to be competitive among the foreign players,” said Charles Li, chief executive officer and president of the Chinese unit of Australia & New Zealand Bank.Li joined Melbourne-based ANZ, one of the top four Australian banks, as CEO for China in 2011. He was previously the country executive and head of global banking at the Chinese subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Scotland.ANZ opened its first representative office in China in 1986. China has become Australia’s biggest export market, buying Australian iron ore, coal, copper, natural gas and other resource commodities.Li has 19 years banking experience in China and Europe. Prior to joining RBS in 1994, he worked as a financial commentator for the BBC World Service London and remains an active participant in various executive discussion panels on Chinese and Asian affairs.He holds a doctorate in strategic management from Aston Business School in the United Kingdom, a master’s degree in management from Birmingham University and a bachelor degree in mechanical engineering from the Beijing Institute of Technology.Sitting in ANZ China’s headquarters in Shanghai’s Lujiazui area, Li talked with Shanghai Daily on how his bank utilizes the economic ties between Australia and China for its development in Asia.Q: ANZ wasn’t among the first foreign banks to incorporate on China’s mainland. What are the pros and cons of being a latecomer to the market?A: We’ve been here for more than 27 years. Establishing ANZ China in 2010 was the milestone of our development in the mainland. The branches in Beijing and Shanghai in the early years were largely focused on commodity trade-related business.China has a long history of buying iron ore from Australia, and we have been a very important partner of trade financing for business activities between the two countries.Financing for the natural resources and agricultural sectors are our strongest advantages worldwide.Our group CEO Michael Smith initiated a new strategy in 2008 to make ANZ the super regional bank in the Asia-Pacific. We regard China as a very important market as well as a foothold for us to develop a network in the region.We learned from the experiences of other foreign banks to avoid some of the pitfalls.Some foreign banks have built exorbitant networks. Some of them already have started to make adjustments to or even close down some of the outlets. We are more prudent about opening branches in new cities.We plan to open branches in regions like the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the Bohai economic rim, and the western region. New locations are weighed carefully to align with the development of our wholesale banking business.One of the disadvantages of being a late entrant is that it took a little bit longer to get certain business licenses due to complex regulatory requirements in the mainland market.But, in general, we’ve made tremendous achievements in the past three years. We are the only Australian bank that has become locally incorporated. Now we operate in China with full licenses, including banking in both foreign and local currencies, business and personal banking and a market maker for direct trading of Chinese yuan and Australian dollars, and gold.We now have eight outlets in five cities in the mainland.Q: It’s been a year and half since ANZ China received the retail license to do yuan business. Who are your targeted customers?A: On the retail side, we also learned from the experience of foreself storagegn peers. We adopted a focused strategy, which is to make those with Australian and New Zealand connections our core customers.The group comprises Chinese students studying in Australia, Chinese immigrants and people who make investments in Australia. We bank the family.This is a very large group. According to our estimations, there are almost 10,000 new Chinese immigrant households in Australia every year. The number of Chinese overseas students is even bigger. About a third of students in Australian universities speak Chinese.Some of the investment immigrants and overseas student families also have business banking needs, which naturally expands our business here. Overall retail business grew by 40 to 50 percent annually in the past three years.Q: The group made a US$300 million capital injection to ANZ China last year. Will that be mainly used for opening new branches?A: Sure, the additional capital will support us in opening more branches. But more importantly, it has shored up our capital strength. Almost every banking business line needs extra capital for growth.It’s a general phenomenon in China that the public and the media use the scale of branch networks to measure the development of foreign banks. Foreign banks have been here for over 30 years. We are not going to open a new branch unless there’s something for us to do in that location.Foreign banks have moved beyond the stage when they scrambled for bigger networks.The development of Chinese subsidiaries of foreign banks relies on the strengths of their parent companies in overseas markets.We are the partner of the Chinese enterprises that have investments in Australia.If you don’t provide services for their overseas operations, you don’t have the chance to do business with them in China. Naturally, Chinese banks are their first choice here.Foreign banks have entered the third stage of development in China. In the first stage, when China opened up its market to the world, they assisted with Sino-foreign trade.The second stage involved facilitating the reforms of the state-owned Chinese banks. I think the third stage will focus on market reform and product innovation.Product innovation is another important strength of foreign banks.Market reforms such as interest rate liberalization will promote differentiated operations among the banks. It provides greater incentives for the banks to seek new growth opportunities, which will largely promote financial innovation in the Chinese market.Q: Why does ANZ China need a credit rating from Standard & Poor’s? It’s not a common practice among the Chinese subsidiaries of global banks.A: It’s like a benchmark in the market. We are the first Australian bank to be awarded an S&P rating in China.We’ve been issued “A+” long-term and “A-1” short-term issuer credit ratings by S&P, with a “stable” credit rating outlook.The rating is a reflection of our stable credit position and ANZ China’s strategic importance to ANZ’s expansion strategy in Asia.The rating tells our customers about our capital strength and our capabilities in strategy execution, operation management, liquidity management and risk control. I believe it will help us to approach our customers and expand our customer base.Q: The People’s Bank of China criticized the liquidity management of some Chinese banks during the cash squeeze in late June, which sent money market rates to record highs. Did the foreign banks have the same issue?A: During the cash squeeze in June, foreign banks, including ANZ, were generally supplying funds in the interbank market, which was noted by regulators. We are very confident about our liquidity risk management. 迷你倉

By YAN YIQI yanyiqi@chinadaily.迷你倉com.cn h e successful missions of China’sShenzhou series of spaceships were made possible through the efforts of millions.Among the contributors to this historic project are Zhejiang’s inno- vative enterprises, which dedicate their research to furthering the cause of the nation’s aerospace industry.Zhejiang Four Brothers Rope is located in a small village of Taizhou, the province’s eastern coastal city. A three-hour drive from downtown Taizhou, the company appears to be no dif erent from any other small privately run factories in the prov- ince at i rst glance.But as the manufacturer of haw- sers, a type of thick cable, the com- pany has played a vital role in the Shenzhou project since 2000.With a diameter of 36 mm, its hawsers are made from ultra-high- molecular-weight polyethylene, a new material developed using high technology.To win the contract, the com- pany bested international suppli- ers, including the Royal DSM of the Netherlands.h e 80-meter-long hawser is capa- ble of pulling up to 60 metric tons.Hawsers made from the same mate- rial were also used on the Liaoning, China’s i rst aircrat carrier.It might be hard to imagine that such a highly competitive supplier for China’s two most strategical- ly important projects started as a small factory that produced hand- made ropes for i shermen.In the early 1950s, Zhejiang vil- lager Li Changfu started a small business making rope from natural fibers. The rope was sold to fish- ermen in his village and the sur- rounding area. The manufactur- ing process was simple and done entirely by hand.After he passed away, his four sons inherited this business and are now co-owners of the Zheji- ang Four Brothers Rope Company, which was established in 1980.“At that time, Taizhou port was underdeveloped. My brother Li Maoju went to Shanghai and bought used rope from international liners,” said Li Maochang, chairman of the company.“We studied their technique and reproduced the ropes. h ese ropes were warmly welcomed among i sh- ermen in Taizhou.”At er that attempt, a bold idea hit the four brothers. They wanted to sell their own ropes to international liners.“It was a dream that no one in our village had ever dreamt of at that time, but I think that because we dared to dream, we were able to become the industry leader in our country now,” he said.The four brothers shifted their business focus from providing ropes for i shermen to making hawsers for vessels and liners. Today, more than 70 percent of liners and cargo carriers in Ningbo-Zhoushan port and Shanghai port, China’s two larg- est international ports, use hawsers manufactured by their company. From a low-value-added business to high-tech products, the company had successfully i nished the task of industrial upgrading while many other private companies were still struggling.Last year, the company’s sales rev- enue reached 70 million yuan ($11 million). Exports accounted for 30 per文件倉ent of that.Li said that the most important contributor to the company’s success in its own field is that they always look up to the strongest player in the market.Obama Rope MFG Co of Japan is one of the leading companies producing ropes and hawsers in the world. Just like Four Brothers, Obama Rope is also a family busi- ness that has been developing for i ve generations.“Our equipment is no worse than theirs, and workers of both compa- nies are all very experienced, but our products are behind in terms of technology,” said Li.In order to catch up with the world’s leader in this industry, the four brothers invited researchers and workers of Obama Rope to visit their factory and exchange technical expertise. h e two companies have signed technological exchange deals to better cooperate.“h ey have better techniques, and we have cheaper labors and materi- als. h e combination enables both of our companies to benei t from the global market,” said Li.Li said that the cooperation with Obama Rope demonstrates the company’s commitment to devel- opment based on innovation and improvement of technology.“Technology is the only way out for companies like us,” he said.By the end of this process, the company will have established a research and development center focused on developing new materi- als.“It took us two and a half months to develop the material for the haw- ser used on the Shenzhou III space- ship. With the new R&D center, we can shorten this period to a mini- mum to realize higher proi ts,” said Li.Le Weizhang, senior engineer for rope and hawser testing at the East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, said that he was impressed by the company during the time he spent cooperating with their researchers.“h e company was already a very competitive rope manufacturer in China before they became deter- mined to develop high-end haw- sers,” he said.“I think it is their refusal to be com- placent with their current achieve- ments that makes them successful now.”h e Zhejiang Four Brothers Rope is just one example of how enterpris- es in Zhejiang pursuing a new mode of development based on innovation.h eir ef orts help to fuel the sustain- able development of the province’seconomy.“Made in Zhejiang” is no longer a symbol of low-end products with poor quality. Many of Zhejiang’sproducts can now be found in high- tech industries like aerospace and also in the global market, signaling that they are gradually stepping up the value chain and becoming more competitive.Zhejiang Governor Li Qiang said in July that the province should do everything in its power to speed up industrial upgrading. h e provincial government is pushing polluting and energy-intensive companies with low added value to shut down or upgrade equipment and technology.“We should make room for high- added-value and energy-efficient companies to develop, replace human labor with machines, save factory land usage and develop e-commerce platforms,” he said.存倉